Throughout this semester I have learned several things from this class that I can and will use in the future. The first thing I learned was how to conduct research in such a way that it generates results that I am looking for without a ton of extra nonsense. Then I learned how to structure research in a way that allows me to easily organize me thoughts and then place them into a paper. Finally I learned how to write a great paper that takes information from several different sources and allow one to read it and actually come away with some new knowledge. These are the things I have learned in this class this semester.
This semesters class as also taught me a lot about nuclear power and how it is actually safe to use. It has shown me that while most people hold a negative view on some topics, before that person forms this opinion they need to look in depth on a topic before making this conclusion. If this isn't done then they are just following a generalization on a given topic. Nuclear Power has also taught me that the planet and its people have a solution to solve the ever so close energy and pollution problem. This topic has taught me that I must make informed decisions by doing research and investigating things in detail before making an informed decision. I have also decided after researching this topic that I will no longer follow the opinions of others without checking there sources and information in depth since it typically manipulated to suit their needs. This is what I have learned from Nuclear Power and the principles it helped me learn about how the world works.
Monday, May 10, 2010
Monday, May 3, 2010
RJA #14b: Application Project References: "Is Nuclear Power Safe?": ENG 1020
Daley, M. (1997). Nuclear power. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Lerner Publications.
Fetter, S. (2009, January 26). How Long will the world's uranium supplies last?. Scientific American Magazine, Retrieved from http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=how-long-will-global-uranium-deposits-last
Chughtai, O, & Shannon, D. (1998, April 09). Fossil fuels. Retrieved from http://www.umich.edu/~gs265/society/fossilfuels.htm
Mihalovits, B. (2010, April 15). Nuclear power costs and safety [Online Forum Comment]. Retrieved from http://en.allexperts.com/q/Nuclear-Power-2462/2010/4/Nuclear-Power-Costs-safety.htm
Bodansky, D. (1996). Nuclear energy. New York City, New York: AIP Press.
Fetter, S. (2009, January 26). How Long will the world's uranium supplies last?. Scientific American Magazine, Retrieved from http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=how-long-will-global-uranium-deposits-last
Chughtai, O, & Shannon, D. (1998, April 09). Fossil fuels. Retrieved from http://www.umich.edu/~gs265/society/fossilfuels.htm
Mihalovits, B. (2010, April 15). Nuclear power costs and safety [Online Forum Comment]. Retrieved from http://en.allexperts.com/q/Nuclear-Power-2462/2010/4/Nuclear-Power-Costs-safety.htm
Bodansky, D. (1996). Nuclear energy. New York City, New York: AIP Press.
RJA #14a: Application Project Progress Report: "Is Nuclear Power Safe?": ENG 1020
I have decided that I am going to write personal letters to my family on why nuclear power should be used as the primary source of power generation in the world. I will tell them the benefits for the environment as well as the great safety record that nuclear power has. I will also tell them how other forms of energy are bad compared to nuclear energy since they are polluting and not safe for human health. Finally I will tell them how much money everyone would safe in the long run if this switch was made. This is what I plan to do for my application project.
My current accomplishments on my application process is off to a great start. I have finished collecting all my information I will use to start writing my letters. I have also begun to write my letters and fill in the needed information to make for a great letter which will convince my family that this switch is needed today. I have also begun to work on a solid summary for each letter which will help sum up my thoughts that I used in the letters and refresh them on my stance. This is what I have completed thus far.
For my application project I still have a few things I need to complete. I have not begun to work on my essay which I am planning to start tomorrow after work. I am also needing to complete my APA citations which I will do right after this post. The final thing I am needing to complete is the actual letters them selfs and the proof reading after I finish typing them. I do have my work cut out for me this next week but all and all my application is off to a great start.
My current accomplishments on my application process is off to a great start. I have finished collecting all my information I will use to start writing my letters. I have also begun to write my letters and fill in the needed information to make for a great letter which will convince my family that this switch is needed today. I have also begun to work on a solid summary for each letter which will help sum up my thoughts that I used in the letters and refresh them on my stance. This is what I have completed thus far.
For my application project I still have a few things I need to complete. I have not begun to work on my essay which I am planning to start tomorrow after work. I am also needing to complete my APA citations which I will do right after this post. The final thing I am needing to complete is the actual letters them selfs and the proof reading after I finish typing them. I do have my work cut out for me this next week but all and all my application is off to a great start.
Monday, April 26, 2010
RJA #13c: Application Project Example: "Is Nuclear Power Safe?": ENG 1020
This is the letter that was written to President Barack Obama and Michelle Obama by James and Anniek Hansen.
This letter is found at:
http://www.climatesciencewatch.org/index.php/csw/details/hansens_make_a_personal_appeal/
"29 December 2008
Michelle and Barack Obama
Chicago and Washington, D.C.
United States of America
Dear Michelle and Barack,
We write to you as fellow parents concerned about the Earth that will be inherited by our children, grandchildren, and those yet to be born.
Barack has spoken of ‘a planet in peril’ and noted that actions needed to stem climate change have other merits. However, the nature of the chosen actions will be of crucial importance.
We apologize for the length of this letter. But your personal attention to these ‘details’ could make all the difference in what surely will be the most important matter of our times.
Jim has advised governments previously through regular channels. But urgency now dictates a personal appeal. Scientists at the forefront of climate research have seen a stream of new data in the past few years with startling implications for humanity and all life on Earth.
Yet the information that most needs to be communicated to you concerns the failure of policy approaches employed by nations most sincere and concerned about stabilizing climate. Policies being discussed in national and international circles now, which focus on ‘goals’ for emission reduction and ‘cap and trade’, have the same basic approach as the Kyoto Protocol. This approach is ineffectual and not commensurate with the climate threat. It could waste another decade, locking in disastrous consequences for our planet and humanity.
The enclosure, “Tell Barack Obama the Truth – the Whole Truth” was sent to colleagues for comments as we left for a trip to Europe. Their main suggestion was to add a summary of the specific recommendations, preferably in a cover letter sent to both of you.
There is a profound disconnect between actions that policy circles are considering and what the science demands for preservation of the planet. A stark scientific conclusion, that we must reduce greenhouse gases below present amounts to preserve nature and humanity, has become clear to the relevant experts. The validity of this statement could be verified by the National Academy of Sciences, which can deliver prompt authoritative reports in response to a Presidential request [ i ]. NAS was set up by President Lincoln for just such advisory purposes.
Science and policy cannot be divorced. It is still feasible to avert climate disasters, but only if policies are consistent with what science indicates to be required. Our three recommendations derive from the science, including logical inferences based on empirical information about the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of specific past policy approaches.
(1) Moratorium and phase-out of coal plants that do not capture and store CO2.
This is the sine qua non for solving the climate problem. Coal emissions must be phased out rapidly. Yes, it is a great challenge, but one with enormous side benefits.
Coal is responsible for as much atmospheric carbon dioxide as the other fossil fuels combined, and its reserves make coal even more important for the long run. Oil, the second greatest contributor to atmospheric carbon dioxide, is already substantially depleted, and it is impractical to capture carbon dioxide emitted by vehicles. But if coal emissions are phased out promptly, a range of actions including improved agricultural and forestry practices could bring the level of atmospheric carbon dioxide back down, out of the dangerous range.
As an example of coal’s impact consider this: continued construction of coal-fired power plants will raise atmospheric carbon dioxide to a level at least approaching 500 ppm (parts per million). At that level, a conservative estimate for the number of species that would be exterminated (committed to extinction) is one million. The proportionate contribution of a single power plant operating 50 years and burning ~100 rail cars of coal per day (100 tons of coal per rail car) would be about 400 species! Coal plants are factories of death. It is no wonder that young people (and some not so young) are beginning to block new construction.
(2) Rising price on carbon emissions via a “carbon tax and 100% dividend”.
A rising price on carbon emissions is the essential underlying support needed to make all other climate policies work. For example, improved building codes are essential, but full enforcement at all construction and operations is impractical. A rising carbon price is the one practical way to obtain compliance with codes designed to increase energy efficiency.
A rising carbon price is essential to “decarbonize” the economy, i.e., to move the nation toward the era beyond fossil fuels. The most effective way to achieve this is a carbon tax (on oil, gas, and coal) at the well-head or port of entry. The tax will then appropriately affect all products and activities that use fossil fuels. The public’s near-term, mid-term, and long-term lifestyle choices will be affected by knowledge that the carbon tax rate will be rising.
The public will support the tax if it is returned to them, equal shares on a per capita basis (half shares for children up to a maximum of two child-shares per family), deposited monthly in bank accounts. No large bureaucracy is needed. A person reducing his carbon footprint more than average makes money. A person with large cars and a big house will pay a tax much higher than the dividend. Not one cent goes to Washington. No lobbyists will be supported. Unlike cap-and-trade, no millionaires would be made at the expense of the public.
The tax will spur innovation as entrepreneurs compete to develop and market low-carbon and no-carbon energies and products. The dividend puts money in the pockets of consumers, stimulating the economy, and providing the public a means to purchase the products.
A carbon tax is honest, clear and effective. It will increase energy prices, but low and middle income people, especially, will find ways to reduce carbon emissions so as to come out ahead. The rate of infrastructure replacement, thus economic activity, can be modulated by how fast the carbon tax rate increases. Effects will permeate society. Food requiring lots of carbon emissions to produce and transport will become more expensive and vice versa, encouraging support of nearby farms as opposed to imports from half way around the world.
The carbon tax has social benefits. It is progressive. It is useful to those most in need in hard times, providing them an opportunity for larger dividend than tax. It will encourage illegal immigrants to become legal, thus to obtain the dividend, and it will discourage illegal immigration because everybody pays the tax, but only legal citizens collect the dividend.
“Cap and trade” generates special interests, lobbyists, and trading schemes, yielding non productive millionaires, all at public expense. The public is fed up with such business. Tax with 100% dividend, in contrast, would spur our economy, while aiding the disadvantaged, the climate, and our national security.
(3) Urgent R&D on 4th generation nuclear power with international cooperation.
Energy efficiency, renewable energies, and a “smart grid” deserve first priority in our effort to reduce carbon emissions. With a rising carbon price, renewable energy can perhaps handle all of our needs. However, most experts believe that making such presumption probably would leave us in 25 years with still a large contingent of coal-fired power plants worldwide. Such a result would be disastrous for the planet, humanity, and nature.
4th generation nuclear power (4th GNP) and coal-fired power plants with carbon capture and sequestration (CCS) at present are the best candidates to provide large baseload nearly carbon-free power (in case renewable energies cannot do the entire job). Predictable criticism of 4th GNP (and CCS) is: “it cannot be ready before 2030.” However, the time needed could be much abbreviated with a Presidential initiative and Congressional support. Moreover, improved (3rd generation) light water reactors are available for near-term needs.
In our opinion, 4th GNP [ ii ] deserves your strong support, because it has the potential to help solve past problems with nuclear power: nuclear waste, the need to mine for nuclear fuel, and release of radioactive material [iii] . Potential proliferation of nuclear material will always demand vigilance, but that will be true in any case, and our safety is best secured if the United States is involved in the technologies and helps define standards.
Existing nuclear reactors use less than 1% of the energy in uranium, leaving more than 99% in long-lived nuclear waste. 4th GNP can “burn” that waste, leaving a small volume of waste with a half-life of decades rather than thousands of years. Thus 4th GNP could help solve the nuclear waste problem, which must be dealt with in any case. Because of this, a portion of the $25B that has been collected from utilities to deal with nuclear waste justifiably could be used to develop 4th generation reactors.
The principal issue with nuclear power, and other energy sources, is cost. Thus an R&D objective must be a modularized reactor design that is cost competitive with coal. Without such capability, it may be difficult to wean China and India from coal. But all developing countries have great incentives for clean energy and stable climate, and they will welcome technical cooperation aimed at rapid development of a reproducible safe nuclear reactor.
Potential for cooperation with developing countries is implied by interest South Korea has expressed in General Electric’s design for a small scale 4th GNP reactor. I do not have the expertise to advocate any specific project, and there are alternative approaches for 4th GNP (see enclosure). I am only suggesting that the assertion that 4th GNP technology cannot be ready until 2030 is not necessarily valid. Indeed, with a Presidential directive for the Nuclear Regulatory Commission to give priority to the review process, it is possible that a prototype reactor could be constructed rapidly in the United States.
CCS also deserves R&D support. There is no such thing as clean coal at this time, and it is doubtful that we will ever be able to fully eliminate emissions of mercury, other heavy metals, and radioactive material in the mining and burning of coal. However, because of the enormous number of dirty coal-fired power plants in existence, the abundance of the fuel, and the fact that CCS technology could be used at biofuel-fired power plants to draw down atmospheric carbon dioxide, the technology deserves strong R&D support.
Summary
An urgent [ iv ] geophysical fact has become clear. Burning all the fossil fuels will destroy the planet we know, Creation, the planet of stable climate in which civilization developed. Of course it is unfair that everyone is looking to Barack to solve this problem (and other problems!), but they are. He alone has a fleeting opportunity to instigate fundamental change, and the ability to explain the need for it to the public.
Geophysical limits dictate the outline for what must be done [ v ]. Because of the long lifetime of carbon dioxide in the air, slowing the emissions cannot solve the problem. Instead a large part of the total fossil fuels must be left in the ground. In practice, that means coal.
The physics of the matter, together with empirical data, also define the need for a carbon tax. Alternatives such as emission reduction targets, cap and trade, cap and dividend, do not work, as proven by honest efforts of the ‘greenest’ countries to comply with the Kyoto Protocol:
(1) Japan: accepted the strongest emission reduction targets, appropriately prides itself on having the most energy-efficient industry, and yet its use of coal has sharply increased, as have its total CO2 emissions. Japan offset its increases with purchases of credits through the clean development mechanism in China, intended to reduce emissions there, but Chinese emissions increased rapidly.
(2) Germany: subsidizes renewable energies heavily and accepts strong emission reduction targets, yet plans to build a large number of coal-fired power plants. They assert that they will have cap-and-trade, with a cap that reduces emissions by whatever amount is needed. But the physics tells us that if they continue to burn coal, no cap can solve the problem, because of the long carbon dioxide lifetime.
(3) Other cases are described on my Columbia University web site, e.g., Switzerland finances construction of coal plants, Sweden builds them, and Australia exports coal and sets atmospheric carbon dioxide goals so large as to guarantee destruction of much of the life on the planet.
Indeed, ‘goals’ and ‘caps’ on carbon emissions are practically worthless, if coal emissions continue, because of the exceedingly long lifetime of carbon dioxide in the air. Nobody realistically expects that the large readily available pools of oil and gas will be left in the ground. Caps will not cause that to happen – caps only slow the rate at which the oil and gas are used. The only solution is to cut off the coal source (and unconventional fossil fuels).
Coal phase-out and transition to the post-fossil fuel era requires an increasing carbon price. A carbon tax at the wellhead or port of entry reduces all uses of a fuel. In contrast, a less comprehensive cap has the perverse effect of lowering the price of the fuel for other uses, undercutting clean energy sources. [ vi ] In contrast to the impracticality of all nations agreeing to caps, and the impossibility of enforcement, a carbon tax can readily be made near-global. [ vii ]
A Presidential directive for prompt investigation and proto-typing of advanced safe nuclear power is needed to cover the possibility that renewable energies cannot satisfy global energy needs. One of the greatest dangers the world faces is the possibility that a vocal minority of anti-nuclear activists could prevent phase-out of coal emissions.
The challenges today, including climate change, are great and urgent. Barack’s leadership is essential to explain to the world what is needed. The public, young and old, recognize the difficulties and will support the actions needed for a fundamental change of direction.
James and Anniek Hansen
Pennsylvania
United States of America"
After reading this letter I learned several things. The first thing I learned is that when witting a letter to someone that is trying to convince them to see your point of view, you must use accurate and up to date information to achieve your goal. Then I learned that you must write the letter using words that show the seriousness of the case in question so that they will agree with you. I also found that the length of the letter is extremely important. When I was looking for letters I skipped over letters that appeared to short in length since I knew they could contain enough information to make me agree with what the writer was talking about.
I also found that while reading this letter that the writer first took the time to appeal to the reader as a human being that must read and listen to this letter or it will be a dreadful mistake. In this paper they highlight there key arguments on why the president needs to stop the use of fossil fuels before its to late. Then at the end of the letter they summarize there points and once again reiterate the importance of the letter and consequences that will occur if it is ignored. They also point out some of the negatives of doing what the letter says, but they also point out the positives of doing what the letter says will out way the negatives.
RJA #13b: Application Project Plan: Is Nuclear Power Safe?": ENG 1020
For my application project I am planning on writing a letter to a family member or friend explaining why nuclear power should be used compared to other forms of energy. In this letter I will tell them how nuclear power is not contributing to global warming while the gas, oil, and coal industries are. Then I will tell them how nuclear power is extremely safe compared to the other forms since there hasn't been a major accident in decades. Finally I will tell them how nuclear power is going to put more money in there pocket in the long run while if they continue to use the other forms of energy they will be spending more. This is what I plan to write to my friends or family member in my application project.
RJA #13a: Word Cloud: "Is Nuclear Power Safe?": ENG 1020
http://www.wordle.net/show/wrdl/1949078/Nuclear_Power
Monday, April 19, 2010
RJA #12b: Field Research Report: Is Nuclear Power Safe?": ENG 1020
I interviewed Bill Mihalovits, an expert when it comes to the operations, construction, safety procedures and several other aspects of nuclear technology. I choose Mihalovits because he has been working in this field for the past thirty-three years so I know he has seen the best and worst of the nuclear age. I used the site AllExperts to ask my questions on this topic and found that there are several qualified and excellent interviewees I could choose from. These are the questions that I asked Mihalovits and the answers he provided in return.
Questions
1. Is nuclear power cost effective when compared to coal, gas, oil, and wind energy in the short term and long term? If so why?
2. Are accidents with nuclear energy lower then other types of power, or is the number of accidents higher then that of other forms of energy.
3. Are the regulations that are in place at nuclear facilities comparable to those that are in effect at oil, gas, and coal plants, or do they even have such strict regulations.
4. How much uranium is used per year compared to coal or oil?
I hope you can help me with these questions so that I can write an excellent paper and show my class that nuclear power isn't completely negative as they have thought throughout their lives.
Answers
Is nuclear power cost effective? Yes. The cost for nuclear fuel is relatively stable and runs around $2 for every kilowatt of power produced. Coal, at it's cheapest, is about the same but typically runs about $5/kw. With more and more states banning or strictly controlling coal mining, that cost will probably go up. The recent mining accident will probably drive the cost of coal up. Natural gas and oil have typically been $4 to $6 per kw, but a recent discovery of gas deposits in the Midwest has driven gas prices down. Unfortunately, this still fluctuates greatly as OPEC restricts their sale of natural gas and oil to artificially maintain prices high.
Accident: The rate of accidents at nuclear plants is much lower than the other industries. The federal regulations to which nuclear plants must adhere means that the plants are more closely monitored and better maintained.
Regulations: I can't speak with certainty about the regulations other energy producers are subject to, but while all of us are regulated by OSHA, the EPA, and state/local authorities, the nuclear industry is subject to unique regulations by both the federal government (NRC) and state governments. The state regulations vary considerably from state to state. In addition to these governmental regulations, the nuclear industry has a watchdog agency called INPO (Institute for Nuclear Power Operations) which provides even stricter regulations and close, frequent scrutiny.
Uranium usage: This is from the Nuclear Tourist website - Uranium-235 is the isotope of uranium that is used in nuclear reactors. Uranium-235 can produce 3.7 million times as much energy as the same amount of coal. As an example, 7 trucks, each carrying 6 cases of 2-12 foot high fuel assemblies, can fuel a 1000 Megawatt-electrical (MWe) reactor for 1.5 years. During this period, ~ 2 metric tons of Uranium-235 (of the 100 metric tons of fuel - uranium dioxide) would be consumed. To operate a coal plant of the same output would require 1 train of 89-100 ton coal cars each EVERY day. Over 350,000 tons of ash would be produced AND over 4 million tons of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides would be released to the environment."
I hope that I have answered your questions. If you need anything else, leave your question at this website.
Good luck,
Bill
While these questions may seem short and not to complex, I found that these were the hardest questions to answer when doing my research on this topic.
This interview can be found at the website:
http://en.allexperts.com/q/Nuclear-Power-2462/2010/4/Nuclear-Power-Costs-safety.htm
Questions
1. Is nuclear power cost effective when compared to coal, gas, oil, and wind energy in the short term and long term? If so why?
2. Are accidents with nuclear energy lower then other types of power, or is the number of accidents higher then that of other forms of energy.
3. Are the regulations that are in place at nuclear facilities comparable to those that are in effect at oil, gas, and coal plants, or do they even have such strict regulations.
4. How much uranium is used per year compared to coal or oil?
I hope you can help me with these questions so that I can write an excellent paper and show my class that nuclear power isn't completely negative as they have thought throughout their lives.
Answers
Is nuclear power cost effective? Yes. The cost for nuclear fuel is relatively stable and runs around $2 for every kilowatt of power produced. Coal, at it's cheapest, is about the same but typically runs about $5/kw. With more and more states banning or strictly controlling coal mining, that cost will probably go up. The recent mining accident will probably drive the cost of coal up. Natural gas and oil have typically been $4 to $6 per kw, but a recent discovery of gas deposits in the Midwest has driven gas prices down. Unfortunately, this still fluctuates greatly as OPEC restricts their sale of natural gas and oil to artificially maintain prices high.
Accident: The rate of accidents at nuclear plants is much lower than the other industries. The federal regulations to which nuclear plants must adhere means that the plants are more closely monitored and better maintained.
Regulations: I can't speak with certainty about the regulations other energy producers are subject to, but while all of us are regulated by OSHA, the EPA, and state/local authorities, the nuclear industry is subject to unique regulations by both the federal government (NRC) and state governments. The state regulations vary considerably from state to state. In addition to these governmental regulations, the nuclear industry has a watchdog agency called INPO (Institute for Nuclear Power Operations) which provides even stricter regulations and close, frequent scrutiny.
Uranium usage: This is from the Nuclear Tourist website - Uranium-235 is the isotope of uranium that is used in nuclear reactors. Uranium-235 can produce 3.7 million times as much energy as the same amount of coal. As an example, 7 trucks, each carrying 6 cases of 2-12 foot high fuel assemblies, can fuel a 1000 Megawatt-electrical (MWe) reactor for 1.5 years. During this period, ~ 2 metric tons of Uranium-235 (of the 100 metric tons of fuel - uranium dioxide) would be consumed. To operate a coal plant of the same output would require 1 train of 89-100 ton coal cars each EVERY day. Over 350,000 tons of ash would be produced AND over 4 million tons of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides and sulfur oxides would be released to the environment."
I hope that I have answered your questions. If you need anything else, leave your question at this website.
Good luck,
Bill
While these questions may seem short and not to complex, I found that these were the hardest questions to answer when doing my research on this topic.
This interview can be found at the website:
http://en.allexperts.com/q/Nuclear-Power-2462/2010/4/Nuclear-Power-Costs-safety.htm
RJA #12a: Annotated Bibliography, Part 3:Is Nuclear Power Safe?": ENG 1020
Beik, Mildred. "MINING INJURIES AND FATALITIES IN BERWIND-WHITE COAL MINING COMPANY MINES." The Windber Miners. Indiana University of Pennsylvania, 07 Feb 2006. Web. 10 Apr 2010. .
This article explains how mining accidents occurred in mines and what casualties were sustained in the process. This article also gives a great incite into the history of mining accidents and which ones were the worst. In this article Beik argues his point across that mining is extremely unsafe in coal mines and needs massive improvements. This is a great article for my paper since it gives a seldom seen view of the other side of the argument.
"Carbon Dioxide Emissions from the Generation of Electric Power in the United States." U.S. Energy Information Administration. Department of Energy, Jul 2000. Web. 15 Mar. 2010..
This web article gives great incite into the pollutions that are emitted from electrical plants across the U.S. It tells the reader about the amounts of pollutions that are released in weight increments as well as telling the reader what forms of global pollution they create when they are combined. This article also advocates the use of the forms of electricity with the least amount of pollution output. This article will be great for my paper since I am putting nuclear power against the big oil, gas, and coal industries.
Chughtai, Osman, and David Shannon. "Fossil Fuels." University of Michigan. University of Michigan, 09 Apr 1998. Web. 10 Mar 2010..
This is a great article since it tells the readers how much time is left with fossil fuels. It breaks the data down into years and gives time frames for the oil gas and coal sources. It also helps show how calculations are done when determining the time frame to assign to a fuel source. This article will be helpful in my paper in arguing my point that there is not much time left on switching away from fossil fuels.
Fetter, Steven. "How long will the world's uranium supplies last?." Scientific American Magazine. 26 Jan 2009: n. pag. Web. 14 Apr 2010..
Fetter in his online article talks about the longevity of the uranium supplies throughout the planet. Fetter goes into how long uranium will last at the current usage and technological capacity we have in place. He also tells how newly discovered means of using uranium will allow for nuclear energy to become a long term power solution for the worlds energy crisis. This article will work good in my paper since I am trying to show what a great option nuclear power is when compared to power sources that are burning through there resources at an accelerated rate.
"Fossil Fuel Crisis Drives Europe To Nuclear, Green Energy." Terra Daily. Agence France-Presse, 08 Jan 2006. Web. 25 Mar 2010..
This is an amazing article that tells of the current energy crisis that is unfolding over seas. The Terra Daily article describes how energy is can be controlled when not enough resources are available for the people. It also goes into how regulations are lacking in conventional power companies which allows the plants to disrupt power outputs to make a profit. Finally it shows that Europe is beginning to make the transition to nuclear power since it is heavily regulated and becoming saver everyday. This will be a great point in my paper since it shows how nuclear power can be beneficial to a country by using something that is heavily monitored and can produce massive amounts of power.
"Frequently Asked Chernobyl Questions." International Atomic Energy Agency. IAEA, "n.d.". Web. 8 Apr 2010..
This is a fascinating article that I found on the IAEA website. The IAEA, which is an organization that monitors nuclear power throughout the world to make sure it is being handled safely and securely. In this article, they explain how the deaths at this plant were a lot lower then typically thought, and how the situation occurred. This article will be great in my paper since this is an agency that advocated the use of nuclear power, but will tell both sides of the story to stay neutral.
“Fission” MSN ENCARTA. Bloomsbury Publishing PLC. 2009. Web. 13 March 2010.
This MSN definition gives the reader a better understanding on some of the aspects of nuclear power. This particular article covered the definition of the word Fission. It describes fission as the reaction that allows nuclear power to occur. This is will be an important piece in my paper since the reader will need to understand how this form of energy is produced.
Hudson, Gregory. "The U.S. EPR: A Standardized Nuclear Power Plant." International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants. AREVA NP Inc., 22 Jan 2007. Web. 15 Apr 2010..
This document by Gregory Hudson goes into detail on how the United States regulates there plants designs. It goes into what safety measures are put in place to ensure safety, and what security measures are used to protect the general population. It also covers what equipment is used to keep the plants operational. This article is important for my paper since it will give the reader a view of just how strict regulations have become to prevent new disasters from occurring.
"Low-level Waste." United State Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 13 Feb 2007. Web. 12 Apr 2010..
This is a simple article that is posted on the Nuclear Regulatory Commissions website. This article explains the type of nuclear power plant waste known as low-level waste and what is classified as low-level waste at a plant. It goes into how this waste is handled after it is created and how long it will stay contaminated. This is a great article because one of the standing points against nuclear power is its waste generation.
"The Need for Conservation." Convert Experts. Convert Experts Inc., n.d. Web. 1 Apr 2010..
This article goes over how the world is in dire need of conserving resources. It tells the reader how much natural resources are being used on a daily bases and that if current rates continue to occur that we will run out of resources in our lifetimes. It breaks these numbers down to the number of barrels used in the United States alone, which a barrel is typically 42 gallons. This is an important article for my paper since it will help show the amount of oil it takes to power a country compared the other power sources.
“Nuclear Power” MSN ENCARTA. Bloomsbury Publishing PLC. 2009. Web. 13 March 2010..
This dictionary entry is another entry that will help explain to my reader what nuclear power is. This entry actually covers the term nuclear power which is defined as power resulted from the creation of fission in a nuclear reactor. It also tells how this power is created by atoms crashing together and exploding. This definition is extremely important in my paper since my paper is based on nuclear power as a better alternative to oil, gas, and coal.
Scaruffi, Piero. "The worst Natural Disasters ever." Political Analysis. Piero Scaruffi, n.d. Web. 10 Apr 2010..
This website is a site that posts on major natural disasters that have occurred throughout history. What is really great about this site is that it covers disasters ranging from not only natural disasters, but it also covers major disasters caused by humans. This article covers accidents that have occurred in the coal and nuclear power fields. This article is great since it tells the reader that Chernobyl is the only major accident and how coal kills.
Schneider, Conrad. "Mortality and Health Damage Due to Air Pollution from Power Plants." Dirty Air, Dirty Power (2004): 1-10. Web. 6 Apr 2010..
This Publication is great source of information on how toxic pollution is killing. This publication covers the number of deaths that have occurred from pollution, as well as what type of power generating plants are causing it. This publication also covers other illnesses that have been contributed to rising pollution levels. This is a great article because it shows how nuclear power would be beneficial to all these sicking and deadly forms of power in use today.
"Spent Nuclear Fuel Pool." Nuclear Facts. Web. 17 Apr 2010..
This website is devoted to the education on nuclear waste. It goes into how nuclear waste is managed in nuclear cooling pools which are used to cool waste as it decays. It also goes into how the waste is monitored and stored if it isn't high level waste. This is a great article for my paper since it has great pictures and information on my topic.
"Storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel." United State Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 8 Apr 2010. Web. 12 Apr 2010..
This website covers the guidelines that covers spent nuclear fuel storage. It covers the type of policies and procedures that are used to allow someone to store waste. It also covers the type of storage methods that are currently being used in the storage of nuclear waste. This is a important article for my paper since it will help contribute more information on how nuclear waste is safely stored and monitored.
Taniguchi, Tomihiro. "IMPROVEMENT OF NUCLEAR SAFETY AND RADIATION PROTECTION INITIATED BY THE CHERNOBYL ACCIDENT." International Atomic Energy Agency. IAEA, 24 Apr 2006. Web. 8 Apr 2010..
This document which was produced by the head of the International Atomic Energy Agency on Safety and Security. It covers the topic of Chernobyl which was the most tragic nuclear event in the technologies history. It also goes into how the IAEA and other agencies have made vast improvements to nuclear operating procedures since the accident occurred. This is a great document to use in my paper cause it shows that while there have been accidents, the nuclear field has learned from these mistakes to make sure they never happen again.
"Threats to Oil Transport." Institute for the Analysis of Global Security. The Institute for the Analysis of Global Security, 22 Nov 2004. Web. 16 Apr 2010..
This article tells the reader about the threats to the oil transport business. It covers the topics of terrorist attacks that can occur. It also tells about how the oil industry suffers from the loss of ships and oil from leaking ships and pipelines. It also covers how these accidents have massive environmental effects on the areas of the spills. This article will help me write my paper by showing that nuclear energy is just has safe to transport, if not safer, then oil.
"Transuranic Radioactive Waste." Nevada Department of Energy. Department of Energy, Oct 2007. Web. 8 Mar 2010..
This article covers the type of waste know as Transuranic. It tells how this waste classification is only used in the United States at present. It also tells what kind of contaminated products one would expect to find in this classification. It finally tells what the half life is on the radiation. This is a great article because most people that know about nuclear waste only know of the high level waste.
"Toxic sludge leaks expose true costs of coal ." Green Peace. GreenPeace, 12 Jan 2009. Web. 11 Apr 2010..
This is a great article about how coal is destroying the environment. This article covers how a toxic spill of coal sludge that is slowly contaminating the environment in Tennessee. It tells how the coal plants are not concerned about the fact that this is occurring since it is within regulations, which are being to change. This is a great article since it will help show just how polluting coal is even when it isn't being burned.
Quevenco, Rodolfo. "Sustainable Development and Nuclear Power." International Atomic Energy Agency. IAEA, 1997. Web. 14 Apr 2010..
This article covers the effects of radiation on the health of humans. It tells how radiation can effect people, but then it goes into how radiation is used to help people. It also has information on the fact that plants that burn fossil fuels release way more toxic pollutants then nuclear. This article will help show in my paper that while radiation can be dangerous it is beneficial and still safer then other pollutants.
Uhrig, Robert, and Richard Carter. "INSTRUMENTATION, CONTROL, AND SAFETY SYSTEMS OF CANADIAN NUCLEAR FACILITIES." World Technology Evaluation Center. World Technology Evaluation Center, Mar 1994. Web. 16 Apr 2010..
Uhrig and Carter write in this article about how nuclear energy is controlled. They talk about safety systems that prevent the plants from having major accidents. they also tell about the computer systems that are in place to make sure that if the main control systems fail, that the fail safes kick in to prevent melt downs. This article is great because it tells the readers how plants are controlled to prevent human error, and will show that the safety systems that are in effect at plants are way superior then that of other energy sources.
This article explains how mining accidents occurred in mines and what casualties were sustained in the process. This article also gives a great incite into the history of mining accidents and which ones were the worst. In this article Beik argues his point across that mining is extremely unsafe in coal mines and needs massive improvements. This is a great article for my paper since it gives a seldom seen view of the other side of the argument.
"Carbon Dioxide Emissions from the Generation of Electric Power in the United States." U.S. Energy Information Administration. Department of Energy, Jul 2000. Web. 15 Mar. 2010.
This web article gives great incite into the pollutions that are emitted from electrical plants across the U.S. It tells the reader about the amounts of pollutions that are released in weight increments as well as telling the reader what forms of global pollution they create when they are combined. This article also advocates the use of the forms of electricity with the least amount of pollution output. This article will be great for my paper since I am putting nuclear power against the big oil, gas, and coal industries.
Chughtai, Osman, and David Shannon. "Fossil Fuels." University of Michigan. University of Michigan, 09 Apr 1998. Web. 10 Mar 2010.
This is a great article since it tells the readers how much time is left with fossil fuels. It breaks the data down into years and gives time frames for the oil gas and coal sources. It also helps show how calculations are done when determining the time frame to assign to a fuel source. This article will be helpful in my paper in arguing my point that there is not much time left on switching away from fossil fuels.
Fetter, Steven. "How long will the world's uranium supplies last?." Scientific American Magazine. 26 Jan 2009: n. pag. Web. 14 Apr 2010.
Fetter in his online article talks about the longevity of the uranium supplies throughout the planet. Fetter goes into how long uranium will last at the current usage and technological capacity we have in place. He also tells how newly discovered means of using uranium will allow for nuclear energy to become a long term power solution for the worlds energy crisis. This article will work good in my paper since I am trying to show what a great option nuclear power is when compared to power sources that are burning through there resources at an accelerated rate.
"Fossil Fuel Crisis Drives Europe To Nuclear, Green Energy." Terra Daily. Agence France-Presse, 08 Jan 2006. Web. 25 Mar 2010.
This is an amazing article that tells of the current energy crisis that is unfolding over seas. The Terra Daily article describes how energy is can be controlled when not enough resources are available for the people. It also goes into how regulations are lacking in conventional power companies which allows the plants to disrupt power outputs to make a profit. Finally it shows that Europe is beginning to make the transition to nuclear power since it is heavily regulated and becoming saver everyday. This will be a great point in my paper since it shows how nuclear power can be beneficial to a country by using something that is heavily monitored and can produce massive amounts of power.
"Frequently Asked Chernobyl Questions." International Atomic Energy Agency. IAEA, "n.d.". Web. 8 Apr 2010.
This is a fascinating article that I found on the IAEA website. The IAEA, which is an organization that monitors nuclear power throughout the world to make sure it is being handled safely and securely. In this article, they explain how the deaths at this plant were a lot lower then typically thought, and how the situation occurred. This article will be great in my paper since this is an agency that advocated the use of nuclear power, but will tell both sides of the story to stay neutral.
“Fission” MSN ENCARTA. Bloomsbury Publishing PLC. 2009. Web. 13 March 2010.
This MSN definition gives the reader a better understanding on some of the aspects of nuclear power. This particular article covered the definition of the word Fission. It describes fission as the reaction that allows nuclear power to occur. This is will be an important piece in my paper since the reader will need to understand how this form of energy is produced.
Hudson, Gregory. "The U.S. EPR: A Standardized Nuclear Power Plant." International Congress on Advances in Nuclear Power Plants. AREVA NP Inc., 22 Jan 2007. Web. 15 Apr 2010.
This document by Gregory Hudson goes into detail on how the United States regulates there plants designs. It goes into what safety measures are put in place to ensure safety, and what security measures are used to protect the general population. It also covers what equipment is used to keep the plants operational. This article is important for my paper since it will give the reader a view of just how strict regulations have become to prevent new disasters from occurring.
"Low-level Waste." United State Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 13 Feb 2007. Web. 12 Apr 2010.
This is a simple article that is posted on the Nuclear Regulatory Commissions website. This article explains the type of nuclear power plant waste known as low-level waste and what is classified as low-level waste at a plant. It goes into how this waste is handled after it is created and how long it will stay contaminated. This is a great article because one of the standing points against nuclear power is its waste generation.
"The Need for Conservation." Convert Experts. Convert Experts Inc., n.d. Web. 1 Apr 2010.
This article goes over how the world is in dire need of conserving resources. It tells the reader how much natural resources are being used on a daily bases and that if current rates continue to occur that we will run out of resources in our lifetimes. It breaks these numbers down to the number of barrels used in the United States alone, which a barrel is typically 42 gallons. This is an important article for my paper since it will help show the amount of oil it takes to power a country compared the other power sources.
“Nuclear Power” MSN ENCARTA. Bloomsbury Publishing PLC. 2009. Web. 13 March 2010.
This dictionary entry is another entry that will help explain to my reader what nuclear power is. This entry actually covers the term nuclear power which is defined as power resulted from the creation of fission in a nuclear reactor. It also tells how this power is created by atoms crashing together and exploding. This definition is extremely important in my paper since my paper is based on nuclear power as a better alternative to oil, gas, and coal.
Scaruffi, Piero. "The worst Natural Disasters ever." Political Analysis. Piero Scaruffi, n.d. Web. 10 Apr 2010.
This website is a site that posts on major natural disasters that have occurred throughout history. What is really great about this site is that it covers disasters ranging from not only natural disasters, but it also covers major disasters caused by humans. This article covers accidents that have occurred in the coal and nuclear power fields. This article is great since it tells the reader that Chernobyl is the only major accident and how coal kills.
Schneider, Conrad. "Mortality and Health Damage Due to Air Pollution from Power Plants." Dirty Air, Dirty Power (2004): 1-10. Web. 6 Apr 2010.
This Publication is great source of information on how toxic pollution is killing. This publication covers the number of deaths that have occurred from pollution, as well as what type of power generating plants are causing it. This publication also covers other illnesses that have been contributed to rising pollution levels. This is a great article because it shows how nuclear power would be beneficial to all these sicking and deadly forms of power in use today.
"Spent Nuclear Fuel Pool." Nuclear Facts. Web. 17 Apr 2010.
This website is devoted to the education on nuclear waste. It goes into how nuclear waste is managed in nuclear cooling pools which are used to cool waste as it decays. It also goes into how the waste is monitored and stored if it isn't high level waste. This is a great article for my paper since it has great pictures and information on my topic.
"Storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel." United State Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, 8 Apr 2010. Web. 12 Apr 2010.
This website covers the guidelines that covers spent nuclear fuel storage. It covers the type of policies and procedures that are used to allow someone to store waste. It also covers the type of storage methods that are currently being used in the storage of nuclear waste. This is a important article for my paper since it will help contribute more information on how nuclear waste is safely stored and monitored.
Taniguchi, Tomihiro. "IMPROVEMENT OF NUCLEAR SAFETY AND RADIATION PROTECTION INITIATED BY THE CHERNOBYL ACCIDENT." International Atomic Energy Agency. IAEA, 24 Apr 2006. Web. 8 Apr 2010.
This document which was produced by the head of the International Atomic Energy Agency on Safety and Security. It covers the topic of Chernobyl which was the most tragic nuclear event in the technologies history. It also goes into how the IAEA and other agencies have made vast improvements to nuclear operating procedures since the accident occurred. This is a great document to use in my paper cause it shows that while there have been accidents, the nuclear field has learned from these mistakes to make sure they never happen again.
"Threats to Oil Transport." Institute for the Analysis of Global Security. The Institute for the Analysis of Global Security, 22 Nov 2004. Web. 16 Apr 2010.
This article tells the reader about the threats to the oil transport business. It covers the topics of terrorist attacks that can occur. It also tells about how the oil industry suffers from the loss of ships and oil from leaking ships and pipelines. It also covers how these accidents have massive environmental effects on the areas of the spills. This article will help me write my paper by showing that nuclear energy is just has safe to transport, if not safer, then oil.
"Transuranic Radioactive Waste." Nevada Department of Energy. Department of Energy, Oct 2007. Web. 8 Mar 2010.
This article covers the type of waste know as Transuranic. It tells how this waste classification is only used in the United States at present. It also tells what kind of contaminated products one would expect to find in this classification. It finally tells what the half life is on the radiation. This is a great article because most people that know about nuclear waste only know of the high level waste.
"Toxic sludge leaks expose true costs of coal ." Green Peace. GreenPeace, 12 Jan 2009. Web. 11 Apr 2010.
This is a great article about how coal is destroying the environment. This article covers how a toxic spill of coal sludge that is slowly contaminating the environment in Tennessee. It tells how the coal plants are not concerned about the fact that this is occurring since it is within regulations, which are being to change. This is a great article since it will help show just how polluting coal is even when it isn't being burned.
Quevenco, Rodolfo. "Sustainable Development and Nuclear Power." International Atomic Energy Agency. IAEA, 1997. Web. 14 Apr 2010.
This article covers the effects of radiation on the health of humans. It tells how radiation can effect people, but then it goes into how radiation is used to help people. It also has information on the fact that plants that burn fossil fuels release way more toxic pollutants then nuclear. This article will help show in my paper that while radiation can be dangerous it is beneficial and still safer then other pollutants.
Uhrig, Robert, and Richard Carter. "INSTRUMENTATION, CONTROL, AND SAFETY SYSTEMS OF CANADIAN NUCLEAR FACILITIES." World Technology Evaluation Center. World Technology Evaluation Center, Mar 1994. Web. 16 Apr 2010.
Uhrig and Carter write in this article about how nuclear energy is controlled. They talk about safety systems that prevent the plants from having major accidents. they also tell about the computer systems that are in place to make sure that if the main control systems fail, that the fail safes kick in to prevent melt downs. This article is great because it tells the readers how plants are controlled to prevent human error, and will show that the safety systems that are in effect at plants are way superior then that of other energy sources.
Sunday, April 11, 2010
RJA #11: Annotated Bibliography, Part 2: "Is Nuclear Power Safe?": ENG 1020
Caldicott, Helen. Nuclear Power is not the Answer.
Helen Caldicott wrote this book to express her opposing views on nuclear power. She argues that nuclear power costs up to 3 times more then other forms of energy is you include the mining and security costs. She also states that radiation is dangerous no matter if it comes from getting a CAT scan to the radiation from a reactor. Finally she alleges that nuclear power is not emissions free since it takes vehicles that emit greenhouse gases to move the minerals and mine them. Her book is a great source since it takes into account variables that are often over looked on the topic and for the fact she includes several sources on the topic.
Daley, Michael. Nuclear power.
In Michael Daley’s book on nuclear power, he focuses on both sides of the issue on using nuclear power. In the first part of the book, he tells about how nuclear power can be dangerous to people because of the toxic radiation. As the book goes on he states that nuclear power plants expose people to less radiation then an X-ray would during a doctor’s visit. He also goes into how nuclear power is regulated to make sure that nuclear power plants remain safe and that if they fall below acceptable levels they are to be decommissioned to prevent accidents from ever occurring. This is a great book since it gives you both sides of the argument and the author does his best to stay neutral on the topic.
Bodansky, David. Nuclear energy.
In this book, David Bodansky covers how nuclear power plants are kept safe. He begin by covering how regulation are put in place to make sure nuclear reactors are operated in limits that are set by the nuclear regulatory commission. Then he goes into all the passive and active safety systems that are put into place to make sure that if an accident does begin to occur, that the reactors are shut down to prevent the accident from occurring any further. Finally he covers how accidents have decreased over the years do to the new safety regulations and judgments that have been implemented over the past few decades. This is a great book since it covers the safety measures that are in place to protect the plants from major accidents.
Pligt, Joop. Nuclear energy and the public.
This book goes deep into the accidents that occurred at
Rossenfeld, Carrie. "Atomic Archive." Major Nuclear Power Plant Accidents. N.p., 30 09 1999. Web. 11 Apr 2010.
Carrie Rossenfeld developed this webpage to give her readers incite into nuclear accidents that have occurred and how bad they were when they occurred. Carrie covers the two major accidents,
Monday, April 5, 2010
RJA #10c: Ideas for the Application Project: "Is Nuclear Power Safe?": ENG 1020
Personal letter to a friend of family member explaining to them why Nuclear Power should be used as a replacement to other forms of energy. I would use this letter to get them to change there negative opinion about nuclear power since it has the potential to save them money, help the environment, and last for hundreds of years. I will explain these reasons with evidence and actual events that have occurred.
News Article telling just how beneficial it is to switch over to Nuclear Power. I would tell the people that nuclear power is safe and environmentally friendly compared to other types of energy. I will then run over projected costs of using this form of energy and how it could save them in there wallets later. Finally I would inform them of the safety procedures that are taken to make sure the pollutions it does create will never come in contact with humans at any point in their life time.
Editorial expressing my point of view on nuclear power as a safe alternative to energy forms that use fossil fuels as a fuel source. My editorial would also include cost related aspects on the use of nuclear power and that if all countries in the world would switch to this power form it would allow money that would be spent on mining, cleanups, and labor to re allocated elsewhere. My editorial would also inform people that nuclear power is a long term alternative to other forms of power since it can last the human race thousands of years while other forms of energy are using resources at such a pace that they will be depleted in a hundred years or so.
Scene from a play with the pollution creating coal plant arguing with the green driven nuclear power plant. The coal plant would argue that they are already built so they have no building costs while the nuclear power plant will argue that while there is building costs, the costs of labor and mineral extraction is half the cost of coal power. Then the nuclear power will make the argument that they don't contribute to green house gases that lead to global warming and the coal plant will be at a loss of words. I would also cover the other aspects of nuclear energy over coal power to give the audience a general consensus that coal power is not only bad for them but bad for earth.
News Article telling just how beneficial it is to switch over to Nuclear Power. I would tell the people that nuclear power is safe and environmentally friendly compared to other types of energy. I will then run over projected costs of using this form of energy and how it could save them in there wallets later. Finally I would inform them of the safety procedures that are taken to make sure the pollutions it does create will never come in contact with humans at any point in their life time.
Editorial expressing my point of view on nuclear power as a safe alternative to energy forms that use fossil fuels as a fuel source. My editorial would also include cost related aspects on the use of nuclear power and that if all countries in the world would switch to this power form it would allow money that would be spent on mining, cleanups, and labor to re allocated elsewhere. My editorial would also inform people that nuclear power is a long term alternative to other forms of power since it can last the human race thousands of years while other forms of energy are using resources at such a pace that they will be depleted in a hundred years or so.
Scene from a play with the pollution creating coal plant arguing with the green driven nuclear power plant. The coal plant would argue that they are already built so they have no building costs while the nuclear power plant will argue that while there is building costs, the costs of labor and mineral extraction is half the cost of coal power. Then the nuclear power will make the argument that they don't contribute to green house gases that lead to global warming and the coal plant will be at a loss of words. I would also cover the other aspects of nuclear energy over coal power to give the audience a general consensus that coal power is not only bad for them but bad for earth.
RJA #10b: Progress Report for Argumentative Paper: "Is Nuclear Power Safe?": ENG 1020
What I have accomplished: As of today I have gathered enough sources to begin writing my paper but I am still doing research to make sure I have all my bases covered. I formal outline is completed and should give me a good template to get my complete outline setup by the end of the day. I have organized my ideas into categories so that when I begin writing it be easier to write. I formed the categories into groups that resembles the headings of my outline. I have also completed a rough draft of my thesis that I have begun to revise This is what i have completed at this time.
What I still need to do: I still need to write my rough draft. I have gathered the information do begin writing the paper it is just getting the time to begin the process. I still need to get my Delicious Account still needs updating with all my websites but that will be a simple task. I plan on starting my paper today and having it completely typed by the 18th so that I can proof read it and make any refinements that I feel are needed before the 19th. I also need to get the extra credit completed but that should also be a simple task. I have my work cut out for me but as along as I get a start on this today I will be fine.
What I still need to do: I still need to write my rough draft. I have gathered the information do begin writing the paper it is just getting the time to begin the process. I still need to get my Delicious Account still needs updating with all my websites but that will be a simple task. I plan on starting my paper today and having it completely typed by the 18th so that I can proof read it and make any refinements that I feel are needed before the 19th. I also need to get the extra credit completed but that should also be a simple task. I have my work cut out for me but as along as I get a start on this today I will be fine.
RJA #10a: Annotated Bibliography, Part 1: "Is Nuclear Power Safe?": ENG 1020
Webb, Richard. The accident hazards of nuclear power plants. Amherst, MA: Univ of Massachusetts Pr, 1976. 80-98. Print.
The Rasmussen Report was a report that was conducted to show the flaws that nuclear power plants could face. The report covers the possibly of nuclear power plant melt downs. The report also covers how over heating of the reactor do to a coolant failure or improper heat exchange between the reactors and cooling units can result in a core breach. What turns out to happen in this report is that the data was mismanaged so that it made nuclear energy appear dangerous which is discussed in the end of this chapter. They also refer to the mismanagement of this report in the beginning sections of this book.
Strupczewski, A. "Accident Risks in Nuclear-Power Plants." Applied Energy. ScienceDirect, 03 04 2003. Web. 5 Apr 2010..
This periodical explains the risks assessments of nuclear power plant accidents. This report includes references to accidents that have occurred in the past and then explains what caused them and what has been done to prevent this from happening in the future. In this report it also states that do to the relatively young age of this technology that the track record is extremely good do to the very few major accidents that have happened. This report concludes that after extensive research that it finds the risks to be extremely minimal. This report doesn't included information on the safety equipment that is used to make this technology safe but it does include what procedures have been put in place.
Annas, George. "Nuclear Power: Safety and Economics." American Journal of Public Health 73.9 (1983): 1099-1100. Web. 21 Feb 2010..
This Journal describes how nuclear power is regulated so that it is kept safe. This entry tells the reader about how the government regulates the storage of waste and overall safety measures that are occurring in plants. This article also tells how the government regulates nuclear power for health and safety reasons such has radiation poisoning and exposure. The final thing that this article talks about is the nuclear power act of 1954 which gives the government full control over nuclear energy so that it can be regulated safely.
The Rasmussen Report was a report that was conducted to show the flaws that nuclear power plants could face. The report covers the possibly of nuclear power plant melt downs. The report also covers how over heating of the reactor do to a coolant failure or improper heat exchange between the reactors and cooling units can result in a core breach. What turns out to happen in this report is that the data was mismanaged so that it made nuclear energy appear dangerous which is discussed in the end of this chapter. They also refer to the mismanagement of this report in the beginning sections of this book.
Strupczewski, A. "Accident Risks in Nuclear-Power Plants." Applied Energy. ScienceDirect, 03 04 2003. Web. 5 Apr 2010.
This periodical explains the risks assessments of nuclear power plant accidents. This report includes references to accidents that have occurred in the past and then explains what caused them and what has been done to prevent this from happening in the future. In this report it also states that do to the relatively young age of this technology that the track record is extremely good do to the very few major accidents that have happened. This report concludes that after extensive research that it finds the risks to be extremely minimal. This report doesn't included information on the safety equipment that is used to make this technology safe but it does include what procedures have been put in place.
Annas, George. "Nuclear Power: Safety and Economics." American Journal of Public Health 73.9 (1983): 1099-1100. Web. 21 Feb 2010.
This Journal describes how nuclear power is regulated so that it is kept safe. This entry tells the reader about how the government regulates the storage of waste and overall safety measures that are occurring in plants. This article also tells how the government regulates nuclear power for health and safety reasons such has radiation poisoning and exposure. The final thing that this article talks about is the nuclear power act of 1954 which gives the government full control over nuclear energy so that it can be regulated safely.
Monday, March 29, 2010
RJA #9c: Presentation Plan: "Is Nuclear Power Safe?": ENG 1020
Nuclear Power is the process of converting the raw mineral uranium into a form of energy that most experts perceive as the most important form of energy in the 21st century. Nuclear Power is considered to be safe, no polluting, a long term alternative to other forms of energy, and cost effective.
Nuclear Power can replace other forms of energy safely because it emits no greenhouse gas emissions which occur with other power forms, and it is monitored constantly to protect the civilian population. The little waste that is produced is stored in underground bunkers and mountains so that they can not leak into the ground water or be disturbed by people. compared to the other forms of energy that are utilized, Nuclear Power has had very few accidents since it was implemented as a form of power for civilian use. Nuclear power is considered a long term alternative to our planets energy problems since it requires very little mineral to create a reaction, and it also takes a long time for the fuel to be used up. Finally nuclear power has been considered a cheap alternative to other forms of energy since most of the costs that are associated with this form of energy go into safety and security while with other forms of energy they focus on the extraction of raw resources which will run out some day. This makes this a cheap alternative to other forms of energy since resource reserves are estimated to make nuclear energy available for sever hundred if not thousands of years.
While nuclear power has several promising points that make it a great energy source, it does have some issues surrounding its use as a mainstream power source. Nuclear Power has been said to increase health issues in the given area of plants, the storage of the waste isn't safe and is an accident waiting to happen, and that it isn't a cost effective solution. While These are some issues that have been brought up about nuclear energy, I believe from the evidence that we have today, and for the fact that we are destroying the planet with the other forms of power we use today, that we should begin to utilize this long term energy source and replace outdated forms of power throughout the world.
Nuclear Power can replace other forms of energy safely because it emits no greenhouse gas emissions which occur with other power forms, and it is monitored constantly to protect the civilian population. The little waste that is produced is stored in underground bunkers and mountains so that they can not leak into the ground water or be disturbed by people. compared to the other forms of energy that are utilized, Nuclear Power has had very few accidents since it was implemented as a form of power for civilian use. Nuclear power is considered a long term alternative to our planets energy problems since it requires very little mineral to create a reaction, and it also takes a long time for the fuel to be used up. Finally nuclear power has been considered a cheap alternative to other forms of energy since most of the costs that are associated with this form of energy go into safety and security while with other forms of energy they focus on the extraction of raw resources which will run out some day. This makes this a cheap alternative to other forms of energy since resource reserves are estimated to make nuclear energy available for sever hundred if not thousands of years.
While nuclear power has several promising points that make it a great energy source, it does have some issues surrounding its use as a mainstream power source. Nuclear Power has been said to increase health issues in the given area of plants, the storage of the waste isn't safe and is an accident waiting to happen, and that it isn't a cost effective solution. While These are some issues that have been brought up about nuclear energy, I believe from the evidence that we have today, and for the fact that we are destroying the planet with the other forms of power we use today, that we should begin to utilize this long term energy source and replace outdated forms of power throughout the world.
Sunday, March 28, 2010
RJA #9b: Argument: "Is Nuclear Power Safe?": ENG 1020
Reason 1: Environmentally Safe
Warrant: Doesn't contribute to Global Warming and air pollution that is caused by other forms of power.
Evidence 1: No greenhouse gases
Warrant: No Carbon Dioxide or Sulfur Dioxide is released
Evidence 2: Doesn't require major mining
Warrant:Uranium is used in small amounts compared to coal and oil
Evidence 3: All wastes are stored in areas that won't effect the environment
Warrant: Any waste created is stored in Underground bunkers that protect it from entering the environment, and water tables
Reason 2: Cost Effective
Warrant: Requires very few resources
Evidence 4: Standardization of all parts and procedures
Warrant: IAEA requires plants to operate under set guidelines and use standard parts which keeps costs down.
Evidence 5: Plants can be operated by a minimal staff
Warrant: Once reaction occurs computer control just about everything
Evidence 6: No major environmental impacts to clean up
Warrant: Only one accident required an environmental clean up
Reason 3: Long lasting resource
Warrant: Resource can be used for thousands of years before depletion of resources
Evidence 7: Reaction can occur for years
Warrant: a small amount or uranium can be used for several years before it has to be stored as waste
Evidence 8: Can be reused
Warrant: Can be reprocessed after dissolved in acid and reused in plants or other equipment that is driven by nuclear energy
Evidence 9: easy managed
Warrant: resource can be regulated so that the reaction lasts longer
Reason 4: Very little health risk
Warrant:Protection is in place to prevent exposure to radiation
Evidence 10: Massive safety systems are in place
Warrant: Plants have systems that detect treats to people and will immediately warn them
Evidence 11: Transport of waste is safe
Warrant: Waste is transported in containers that are designed to survive the worst of impacts or explosions
Evidence 12: Plants are built away from cities
Warrant: With the plants being placed outside of populated areas there is no health risk from the plant itself
Objection 1: Accidents occur all the time
Refutation 1: The last accident that occurred at a Nuclear Power plant never threatened the population since the safety systems immediately shut down the plant to prevent a major accident
Objection 2: Nuclear Power Plants are to expensive
Refutation 2: While Nuclear power is expensive to operate, when you compare it to the overall costs that coal and other forms of energy cost you find that nuclear energy comes out cheaper in the long run and will not need to be substituted since it is so abundant.
Objection 3: Nuclear Power Plants Cause Cancer
Refutation 3: While Nuclear Power Plants do produce radiation that can cause cancer several safety systems are in place to make sure that the population is never exposed to radiation and the workers are check monthly to make sure they haven't been exposed to levels that could cause cancer.
Qualifiers: The Use of Nuclear Power as an alternative to other forms of power, health issues it has caused, and how much safer it is compared to other forms of power
Warrant: Doesn't contribute to Global Warming and air pollution that is caused by other forms of power.
Evidence 1: No greenhouse gases
Warrant: No Carbon Dioxide or Sulfur Dioxide is released
Evidence 2: Doesn't require major mining
Warrant:Uranium is used in small amounts compared to coal and oil
Evidence 3: All wastes are stored in areas that won't effect the environment
Warrant: Any waste created is stored in Underground bunkers that protect it from entering the environment, and water tables
Reason 2: Cost Effective
Warrant: Requires very few resources
Evidence 4: Standardization of all parts and procedures
Warrant: IAEA requires plants to operate under set guidelines and use standard parts which keeps costs down.
Evidence 5: Plants can be operated by a minimal staff
Warrant: Once reaction occurs computer control just about everything
Evidence 6: No major environmental impacts to clean up
Warrant: Only one accident required an environmental clean up
Reason 3: Long lasting resource
Warrant: Resource can be used for thousands of years before depletion of resources
Evidence 7: Reaction can occur for years
Warrant: a small amount or uranium can be used for several years before it has to be stored as waste
Evidence 8: Can be reused
Warrant: Can be reprocessed after dissolved in acid and reused in plants or other equipment that is driven by nuclear energy
Evidence 9: easy managed
Warrant: resource can be regulated so that the reaction lasts longer
Reason 4: Very little health risk
Warrant:Protection is in place to prevent exposure to radiation
Evidence 10: Massive safety systems are in place
Warrant: Plants have systems that detect treats to people and will immediately warn them
Evidence 11: Transport of waste is safe
Warrant: Waste is transported in containers that are designed to survive the worst of impacts or explosions
Evidence 12: Plants are built away from cities
Warrant: With the plants being placed outside of populated areas there is no health risk from the plant itself
Objection 1: Accidents occur all the time
Refutation 1: The last accident that occurred at a Nuclear Power plant never threatened the population since the safety systems immediately shut down the plant to prevent a major accident
Objection 2: Nuclear Power Plants are to expensive
Refutation 2: While Nuclear power is expensive to operate, when you compare it to the overall costs that coal and other forms of energy cost you find that nuclear energy comes out cheaper in the long run and will not need to be substituted since it is so abundant.
Objection 3: Nuclear Power Plants Cause Cancer
Refutation 3: While Nuclear Power Plants do produce radiation that can cause cancer several safety systems are in place to make sure that the population is never exposed to radiation and the workers are check monthly to make sure they haven't been exposed to levels that could cause cancer.
Qualifiers: The Use of Nuclear Power as an alternative to other forms of power, health issues it has caused, and how much safer it is compared to other forms of power
RJA #9a: Thesis Statement: "Is Nuclear Power Safe?": ENG 1020
Research Question: Is Nuclear Power safe compared to other forms of energy in the world and is it cost effective compared to other forms of power?
Precise Claim: Nuclear Power should be used as a replacement to other forms of energy throughout the world because it has become safer and cheaper to maintain over the other forms of energy.
Reason/Blueprint:
1. Doesn't create any greenhouse gases
2. Is easy to maintain compared to other forms of power
3. The Minerals that allow Nuclear fission to occur are extremely abundant compared to other types of energy.
4. Is one of the only forms of power that has a agency that mandates safety policies and guidelines across the world.
Thesis Statement: Nuclear energy should be used as an alternative to other forms of power throughout the world because it is safer, more environmentally friendly, and more cost effective in the long run compared to other forms of power used today.
Precise Claim: Nuclear Power should be used as a replacement to other forms of energy throughout the world because it has become safer and cheaper to maintain over the other forms of energy.
Reason/Blueprint:
1. Doesn't create any greenhouse gases
2. Is easy to maintain compared to other forms of power
3. The Minerals that allow Nuclear fission to occur are extremely abundant compared to other types of energy.
4. Is one of the only forms of power that has a agency that mandates safety policies and guidelines across the world.
Thesis Statement: Nuclear energy should be used as an alternative to other forms of power throughout the world because it is safer, more environmentally friendly, and more cost effective in the long run compared to other forms of power used today.
Monday, March 15, 2010
RJA #8b: Evaluation Check: "Is Nuclear Power Safe?": ENG 1020
http://melindaatmetro.blogspot.com/2010/03/rja-7a-evaluation-of-sources.html#comment-form
http://carolpilk.blogspot.com/2010/03/rja-7a-evaluation-of-sources_2269.html#comment-form
http://carolpilk.blogspot.com/2010/03/rja-7a-evaluation-of-sources_2269.html#comment-form
RJA #8a: Quotation, Paraphrase, and Summary: "Is Nuclear Power Safe?": ENG 1020
"The world's worst nuclear accident occurred after an explosion and fire at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. It released radiation over much of Europe. Thirty-one people died in the immediate aftermath of the explosion. Hundreds of thousands of residents were moved from the area and a similar number are belived to have suffered from the effects of radiation exposure."
http://www.atomicarchive.com/Reports/Japan/Accidents.shtml
Quotation
Nuclear Power is considered to a safer form of power in society today, but its negative history can paint a unsafe picture for some. "The world's worst accident occurred...Chernobyl nuclear power plant(Carrie Rossenfeld)." This accident occurred because of a fire and explosion that tore through the reactor main reactor and could not be controlled. After this event took place, "Hundreds of thousands of residents were moved...[while an equal] number are belived [sic] to have suffered from the effects of radiation exposure (Carrie Rossenfeld)." While this was a tragic event that "thirty-one people died in (Carrie Rossenfeld)," it doesn't mean that nuclear energy is a unsafe form of power.
Paraphrase
The Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident, was caused by a fire and explosion, and is considered the world's worst nuclear accident. The accident released radiation that covered almost all of Europe, while the explosive event killed thirty-one poeple. Hundreds of thousands of people had to be moved and a similar number could still be suffering from the radilogical fallout today.
Summary
The world's worst nuclear power accident occured at Chernobyl because of a fire and explosion. The radiation covered most of Europe and thirty-one poeple died. This still effects hundreds of thousands of people and forced almost the same amount to relocate.
http://www.atomicarchive.com/Reports/Japan/Accidents.shtml
Quotation
Nuclear Power is considered to a safer form of power in society today, but its negative history can paint a unsafe picture for some. "The world's worst accident occurred...Chernobyl nuclear power plant(Carrie Rossenfeld)." This accident occurred because of a fire and explosion that tore through the reactor main reactor and could not be controlled. After this event took place, "Hundreds of thousands of residents were moved...[while an equal] number are belived [sic] to have suffered from the effects of radiation exposure (Carrie Rossenfeld)." While this was a tragic event that "thirty-one people died in (Carrie Rossenfeld)," it doesn't mean that nuclear energy is a unsafe form of power.
Paraphrase
The Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant accident, was caused by a fire and explosion, and is considered the world's worst nuclear accident. The accident released radiation that covered almost all of Europe, while the explosive event killed thirty-one poeple. Hundreds of thousands of people had to be moved and a similar number could still be suffering from the radilogical fallout today.
Summary
The world's worst nuclear power accident occured at Chernobyl because of a fire and explosion. The radiation covered most of Europe and thirty-one poeple died. This still effects hundreds of thousands of people and forced almost the same amount to relocate.
Sunday, March 7, 2010
Zakta Guide:"Is Nuclear Power Safe?": ENG 1020
http://zakta.com/zakta/view_1_1088_3000_Nuclear_Power_Safety
RJA #7b: Field Research Suggestions:"Is Nuclear Power Safe?": ENG 1020
http://melindaatmetro.blogspot.com/2010/02/rja-6c-field-research-options.html#comment-form
http://carolpilk.blogspot.com/2010/02/rja-6c.html#comment-form
http://carolpilk.blogspot.com/2010/02/rja-6c.html#comment-form
RJA #7a: Evaluation of Sources: "Is Nuclear Power Safe?": ENG 1020
Reference Article
"Nuclear safety in the U.S." The Free Dictionary. 2010. http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Nuclear+safety+in+the+U.S.
This Reference article includes a ton of information on nuclear Energy. It includes information on how nuclear power plants are built so that they won't effect the civilian populations encase of an accident at the plant. It also includes information on codes the plants are required to meet before they are even allowed to become operational. The free dictionary encyclopedia as also included some accidents that have occurred in past nuclear power plants. This article is a great overview of the safety of nuclear energy and events that have helped make it safer.
Book
Alexey V. Nesterenko, Vassily B. Nesterenko, Alexey V. Yablokov."Chernobyl : Consequences of the Chernobyl
This Book focuses on the effects of just one major incident that occurred during a nuclear accident. I believe that this one sources will be extremely important to my paper since it covers such a large event that effected so many. It covers the environmental effects of the accident as well as the health issues the event is still causing to this day. It also covers what procedures are being used to help protect the people that still live in the effected areas. While this is only one event it effects the almost the entire Northern Hemisphere which has a population of almost 3 billion people.
Periodical
A. Strupczewski. Accident Risks in Nuclear-Power Plants. Applied Energy. May 1, 2003. http://0-www.sciencedirect.com.skyline.cudenver.edu/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V1T-48H2W7B-9&_user=914312&_coverDate=06%2F30%2F2003&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000047910&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=914312&md5=b0d3632668a82036ecd3ca63ff76c380
This Periodical covers how nuclear energy is maintained so that it is safe and the effects of nuclear energy accidents. This article will be great for my paper since it provides information about the systems that are in place to warn the nuclear technicians of a pending disaster. It also goes over the health effects of radiation on humans if exposure does occur. The thing that really distinguished this article from others is that it covers both the good and bad with nuclear energy. It lets you know how they keep you safe from the harmful effects of reactors while telling you of accidents that have occurred and there results.
Website
Nuclear Regulatory Commission. http://www.nrc.gov/
This Website includes a ton of information on Nuclear Power. It has information on how they store nuclear waste so that it isn't harmful to the environment or humans. It also goes over what regulations they have in place to keep plants safe and what regulations must be met before a plant is allowed to become operational. The final thing that this includes is a background of nuclear accidents from the past with a detailed account of what happened. This should be a helpful site when it comes down to putting my paper together.
"Nuclear safety in the U.S." The Free Dictionary. 2010. http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Nuclear+safety+in+the+U.S.
This Reference article includes a ton of information on nuclear Energy. It includes information on how nuclear power plants are built so that they won't effect the civilian populations encase of an accident at the plant. It also includes information on codes the plants are required to meet before they are even allowed to become operational. The free dictionary encyclopedia as also included some accidents that have occurred in past nuclear power plants. This article is a great overview of the safety of nuclear energy and events that have helped make it safer.
Book
Alexey V. Nesterenko, Vassily B. Nesterenko, Alexey V. Yablokov.
This Book focuses on the effects of just one major incident that occurred during a nuclear accident. I believe that this one sources will be extremely important to my paper since it covers such a large event that effected so many. It covers the environmental effects of the accident as well as the health issues the event is still causing to this day. It also covers what procedures are being used to help protect the people that still live in the effected areas. While this is only one event it effects the almost the entire Northern Hemisphere which has a population of almost 3 billion people.
Periodical
A. Strupczewski. Accident Risks in Nuclear-Power Plants. Applied Energy. May 1, 2003. http://0-www.sciencedirect.com.skyline.cudenver.edu/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6V1T-48H2W7B-9&_user=914312&_coverDate=06%2F30%2F2003&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000047910&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=914312&md5=b0d3632668a82036ecd3ca63ff76c380
This Periodical covers how nuclear energy is maintained so that it is safe and the effects of nuclear energy accidents. This article will be great for my paper since it provides information about the systems that are in place to warn the nuclear technicians of a pending disaster. It also goes over the health effects of radiation on humans if exposure does occur. The thing that really distinguished this article from others is that it covers both the good and bad with nuclear energy. It lets you know how they keep you safe from the harmful effects of reactors while telling you of accidents that have occurred and there results.
Website
Nuclear Regulatory Commission. http://www.nrc.gov/
This Website includes a ton of information on Nuclear Power. It has information on how they store nuclear waste so that it isn't harmful to the environment or humans. It also goes over what regulations they have in place to keep plants safe and what regulations must be met before a plant is allowed to become operational. The final thing that this includes is a background of nuclear accidents from the past with a detailed account of what happened. This should be a helpful site when it comes down to putting my paper together.
Monday, March 1, 2010
RJA #6c: Field Research Options: "Is Nuclear Power Safe?": ENG 1020
Interviews
I will be using the website www.allexperts.com to interview 2 experts on my topic. I will attempt to interview Bill Mihalovits and Dr. Kent Welter. They both study areas of interest on my topic and will give me great incite on my topic.
Surveys/Polls
I plan on using www.Polldaddy.com to create a survey on the safety of Nuclear Energy. I have already created a sample question that I will ask. It looks like it could be a great tool if I can get enough people to take my survey.
http://polldaddy.com/polls/preview.php?id=2778806#pd_a_2778806
Museums
I am looking into making a trip down to the National Museum of Nuclear Science and History. This museum has a ton of information on how nuclear energy progressed during the cold war era. While this museum focuses more on the war side of nuclear energy from what I have researched it has some potentially valuable information on the power side of the story.
I will be using the website www.allexperts.com to interview 2 experts on my topic. I will attempt to interview Bill Mihalovits and Dr. Kent Welter. They both study areas of interest on my topic and will give me great incite on my topic.
Surveys/Polls
I plan on using www.Polldaddy.com to create a survey on the safety of Nuclear Energy. I have already created a sample question that I will ask. It looks like it could be a great tool if I can get enough people to take my survey.
http://polldaddy.com/polls/preview.php?id=2778806#pd_a_2778806
Museums
I am looking into making a trip down to the National Museum of Nuclear Science and History. This museum has a ton of information on how nuclear energy progressed during the cold war era. While this museum focuses more on the war side of nuclear energy from what I have researched it has some potentially valuable information on the power side of the story.
RJA #6b: Social Media and Multimedia: "Is Nuclear Power Safe?": ENG 1020
Resource: Technorati
Keywords Used: Nuclear Energy, Safety, Disposal
Search Strategies: Nuclear Energy +Safety +Disposal
Date of Search: Feb. 28, 2010
Number of Hits:4
Relevance: 4
Resource: BlogPulse
Keywords Used: Nuclear Energy, Accidents, Humans
Search Strategies: Nuclear Energy +Accidents +Humans -weapons
Date of Search: Feb. 28, 2010
Number of Hits:67
Relevance: 3
Resource: Feed Mill
Keywords Used: Nuclear Energy, Accidents, Environment
Search Strategies: Nuclear Energy +Accidents +Environment -weapons
Date of Search: Feb. 28, 2010
Number of Hits:10
Relevance: 4
Resource: BlogCatalog
Keywords Used: Nuclear Energy, Disasters
Search Strategies: Nuclear Energy +Disasters
Date of Search: Feb. 28, 2010
Number of Hits:3518
Relevance: 2
Resource: Blinkx
Keywords Used: Nuclear Energy, Safety
Search Strategies: Nuclear Energy +safety
Date of Search: Feb. 28, 2010
Number of Hits:32,000
Relevance: 2
Resource: FlickerStorm
Keywords Used: Nuclear Energy, accident, environment
Search Strategies: Nuclear Energy +Accident +environment
Date of Search: Feb. 28, 2010
Number of Hits:100
Relevance: 1
Keywords Used: Nuclear Energy, Safety, Disposal
Search Strategies: Nuclear Energy +Safety +Disposal
Date of Search: Feb. 28, 2010
Number of Hits:4
Relevance: 4
Resource: BlogPulse
Keywords Used: Nuclear Energy, Accidents, Humans
Search Strategies: Nuclear Energy +Accidents +Humans -weapons
Date of Search: Feb. 28, 2010
Number of Hits:67
Relevance: 3
Resource: Feed Mill
Keywords Used: Nuclear Energy, Accidents, Environment
Search Strategies: Nuclear Energy +Accidents +Environment -weapons
Date of Search: Feb. 28, 2010
Number of Hits:10
Relevance: 4
Resource: BlogCatalog
Keywords Used: Nuclear Energy, Disasters
Search Strategies: Nuclear Energy +Disasters
Date of Search: Feb. 28, 2010
Number of Hits:3518
Relevance: 2
Resource: Blinkx
Keywords Used: Nuclear Energy, Safety
Search Strategies: Nuclear Energy +safety
Date of Search: Feb. 28, 2010
Number of Hits:32,000
Relevance: 2
Resource: FlickerStorm
Keywords Used: Nuclear Energy, accident, environment
Search Strategies: Nuclear Energy +Accident +environment
Date of Search: Feb. 28, 2010
Number of Hits:100
Relevance: 1
Sunday, February 28, 2010
RJA #6a: Websites: "Is Nuclear Power Safe?": ENG 1020
Resource: Ask.com
Keywords Used: Nuclear Power, Safety, Environment, accidents
Search Strategies: Nuclear Power +safety +Environment +accidents -weapons
Date Searched: Feb. 28, 2010
Number of Hits: 78,600
Relevance: 3
Resource: Katapulco
Keywords Used: Nuclear Power, Safety, Radiation, Accidents, Waste
Search Strategies: Nuclear Power +safety +accidents +waste +radiation
Date Searched: Feb. 28, 2010
Number of Hits: 281,000
Relevance: 2
Resource: Carrot Clustering Engine
Keywords Used: Nuclear Power, safety, waste, radiation, accidents
Search Strategies: Nuclear Power +safety +accidents +waste +radiation -weapons
Date Searched: Feb. 28, 2010
Number of Hits: 16,300
Relevance: 4
Resource: Research Beyond Google: 119 Authoritative, Invisible, and Comprehensive Resources
Keywords Used: Nuclear Energy, human safety
Search Strategies: Nuclear Energy + human safety
Date Searched: Feb. 28, 2010
Number of Hits: 1
Relevance: 3
Resource: Digg
Keywords Used: Nuclear Energy
Search Strategies: Nuclear Energy -weapons
Date Searched: Feb. 28, 2010
Number of Hits: 2950
Relevance: 4
Resource: Google
Keywords Used: Nuclear Energy, Safety Regulations, Waste Disposal, Transport
Search Strategies: Nuclear Energy +Safety Regulations -Weapons +Waste Disposal +Transport
Date Searched: Feb. 28, 2010
Number of Hits: 191,000
Relevance: 3
Keywords Used: Nuclear Power, Safety, Environment, accidents
Search Strategies: Nuclear Power +safety +Environment +accidents -weapons
Date Searched: Feb. 28, 2010
Number of Hits: 78,600
Relevance: 3
Resource: Katapulco
Keywords Used: Nuclear Power, Safety, Radiation, Accidents, Waste
Search Strategies: Nuclear Power +safety +accidents +waste +radiation
Date Searched: Feb. 28, 2010
Number of Hits: 281,000
Relevance: 2
Resource: Carrot Clustering Engine
Keywords Used: Nuclear Power, safety, waste, radiation, accidents
Search Strategies: Nuclear Power +safety +accidents +waste +radiation -weapons
Date Searched: Feb. 28, 2010
Number of Hits: 16,300
Relevance: 4
Resource: Research Beyond Google: 119 Authoritative, Invisible, and Comprehensive Resources
Keywords Used: Nuclear Energy, human safety
Search Strategies: Nuclear Energy + human safety
Date Searched: Feb. 28, 2010
Number of Hits: 1
Relevance: 3
Resource: Digg
Keywords Used: Nuclear Energy
Search Strategies: Nuclear Energy -weapons
Date Searched: Feb. 28, 2010
Number of Hits: 2950
Relevance: 4
Resource: Google
Keywords Used: Nuclear Energy, Safety Regulations, Waste Disposal, Transport
Search Strategies: Nuclear Energy +Safety Regulations -Weapons +Waste Disposal +Transport
Date Searched: Feb. 28, 2010
Number of Hits: 191,000
Relevance: 3
Sunday, February 21, 2010
RJA #5c: Reference Articles: "Is Nuclear Power Safe?": ENG 1020
Reference Articles
The Free Dictionary
www.encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com
Nuclear Safety in the U.S.
http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Nuclear+safety+in+the+U.S.
Search-The free dictionary
Nuclear +safety
Feb. 21, 2010
13 Hits
Relevance-4
Dictionary
Nuclear Energy
http://dictionary.com
The American Heritage Science Dictionary
Copyright 2002
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/nuclear+Energy
Search- Dictionary.com
Nuclear Energy
Feb. 21, 2010
4 Hits
Relevance-3
Debatepedia
Debate" Nuclear Energy
Lasted updated Feb. 22, 2010
http://wiki.idebate.org/en/index.php/Debate:_Nuclear_energy#Waste:_Can_nuclear_waste_be_dealt_with_adequately.3F
Search-Debatepedia
Nuclear Energy Accidents
Feb. 21, 2010
500 Hits
Relevance-3
www.encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com
Nuclear Safety in the U.S.
http://encyclopedia.thefreedictionary.com/Nuclear+safety+in+the+U.S.
Search-The free dictionary
Nuclear +safety
Feb. 21, 2010
13 Hits
Relevance-4
Dictionary
Nuclear Energy
http://dictionary.com
The American Heritage Science Dictionary
Copyright 2002
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/nuclear+Energy
Search- Dictionary.com
Nuclear Energy
Feb. 21, 2010
4 Hits
Relevance-3
Debatepedia
Debate" Nuclear Energy
Lasted updated Feb. 22, 2010
http://wiki.idebate.org/en/index.php/Debate:_Nuclear_energy#Waste:_Can_nuclear_waste_be_dealt_with_adequately.3F
Search-Debatepedia
Nuclear Energy Accidents
Feb. 21, 2010
500 Hits
Relevance-3
RJA #5b: Periodical Articles: "Is Nuclear Power Safe?": ENG 1020
Periodicals
A. Strupczewski
Accident risks in nuclear-power plants
Applied Energy
Volume 75, Issue 1/2
May 2003
Pages 79-86
http://0-search.ebscohost.com.skyline.cudenver.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=9791553&site=ehost-live
Academic Search Premier (EBSCO)
Nuclear Power +accidents
Feb. 21 2010
17 Hits
Relevance- 4
George J. Annas
Nuclear Power: Safety and Economics.
American Journal of Public Health
Volume 73, Issue 9
September 1983
Pages 1099-1100
http://0-web.ebscohost.com.skyline.cudenver.edu/ehost/pdf?vid=8&hid=3&sid=0548b092-802c-4104-bd75-cc06db2c5ab9%40sessionmgr4
Academic Search Premier (EBSCO)
Nuclear Power +safety
Feb. 21 2010
38 Hits
Relevance- 3
Matilda Lee
Nuclear Waste & Radiation
Ecologist
Volume 32, Issue 7
September 2002
Page 9
http://0-search.ebscohost.com.skyline.cudenver.edu/login.aspx?direct=true&db=aph&AN=7252020&site=ehost-live
Academic Search Premier (EBSCO)
Nuclear Power +waste +environment
Feb. 21 2010
1131737 Hits
Relevance- 2
Keith Baverstock, Dillwyn Williams
The Chernobyl Accident 20 Years On: An Assessment of the Heath Consequences and the International Response.
Environmental Health Perspectives
Volume 114 Issue 9
September 2006
Pages 1312-1317
http://0-web.ebscohost.com.skyline.cudenver.edu/ehost/pdf?vid=12&hid=3&sid=0548b092-802c-4104-bd75-cc06db2c5ab9%40sessionmgr4
Academic Search Premier (EBSCO)
Nuclear Power +radiation +cancer
Feb. 21 2010
1185164 Hits
Relevance- 3
RJA #5a: Books: "Is Nuclear Power Safe?": ENG 1020
Books and Ebooks
Alexey V. Nesterenko, Vassily B. Nesterenko, Alexey V. Yablokov.
Volume 1181
Used Volume 1181 Only
WileyInterScience
Copyright 2009
http://0-www3.interscience.wiley.com.skyline.cudenver.edu/journal/123194851/issue
Searched- Auraria Library
Skyline
Nuclear Power Plants and hazards
Feb 18th 2010
47 Hits
Relevance - 4
Richard E. Webb.
The accident hazards of nuclear power plants
First Edition
Only Volume
Copyright 1994
Searched- Auraria Library
Skyline
Nuclear Power and hazards and accidents
Feb 18th 2010
4 Hits
Relevance - 4
Nuclear afternoon : true stories of atomic disasters
First Edition
Only Volume
Thunder's Mouth Press
Copyright 2007
Searched- Auraria Library
Skyline
Nuclear Power and disasters
Feb 18th 2010
4 Hits
Relevance - 2
David Bodansky
Nuclear Energy - Principles, Practices, and Prospects
2nd Edition
Entire Book
Springer
Copyright 2004
http://0-www.knovel.com.skyline.cudenver.edu/web/portal/basic_search/display?_EXT_KNOVEL_DISPLAY_bookid=2358
Searched- Auraria Library
Skyline
Nuclear Power and safety and practices
Feb 18th 2010
1 Hit
Relevance - 5
T.E. Collins
Technical study of spent fuel pool accident risk at decommissioning nuclear power plants
1st Editions
Whole Ebook
Division of Systems Safety and Analysis, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation
Copyright 2001
Searched- Auraria Library
Skyline
Nuclear Power and safety and accidents
Feb 18th 2010
49 Hits
Relevance - 3
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